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Chromosomes X and Y:
Many theories have been put forward to explain how the sex
of a child is determined. Only recently when techniques for
examining human sex cells were developed did scientists come
to basically understand the sex determining factor in human
reproduction.
The human female has 46 chromosomes in the nucleus of each
cell, in the form of 23 matched pairs. Whereas the human male
has 46 chromosomes, but only 22 pairs are matched; the
chromosomes of one pair do not match exactly. One is the same
size as those of the twenty third pair in a female, but the
other is smaller. The larger is known as the (X) chromosome
and the smaller is the (Y) chromosome. Thus, a woman has two
(X) chromosomes in each cell, and a man one (X) and one (Y)
chromosome.
During the reproductive process, when ovum (female sex
cells) are formed, each cell contains 22 chromosomes and one
(X) chromosome. However, when sperm (male sex cells) are
formed, one half of the sperm will contain 22 chromosomes and
one (X) chromosome whilst the other half will contain 22
chromosomes and one (Y) chromosome.
During the fertilisation process if an egg is fertilised by
a sperm cell being a (X) chromosome, a female offspring will
result. If an egg is fertilised by a sperm bearing a (Y)
chromosome, then the resulting offspring would be male.
Therefore, the sperm is a sex determining factor.
The following fourteen hundred year old verses clearly
testify that the sperm cell is the sex determining factor in
human reproduction:
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"That He did create in pair, male and
female; from a seed when lodged (in its
place)."
(Qur'an, An-Najm 53:45-46)
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"And God created you from dust, then from a
sperm-drop, then He made you in pairs (the male and
the female)."
(Qur'an, Fatir 35:11)
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"We created you from mixtures of germinal
drop..."
(Qur'an, Al-Insan 76:2)
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